Publications

2026

[1] From Telemetry to Explainability: Traceable Robots in the Post-Quantum Era

David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Vicente Matellán-Olivera.
1st Transparent and Interpretable Robots Conference. April 16-17th 2026

[2] Detecting Automated SQL Injection Attacks in Flow-Based Networks: A Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning and Traditional Approaches in Sampled and Unsampled Flow Data

Adrián Campazas-Vega, Alberto Miguel-Diez, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Vicente Matellán-Olivera, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras.
IEEE Access, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3689760

[3] A systematic literature review of unsupervised learning algorithms for anomalous traffic detection based on flows

Alberto Miguel-Diez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Gonzalo Esteban-Costales, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras.
Logic Journal of the IGPL, 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzaf020

2025

[1] Anomaly detection in network flows using unsupervised online machine learning

Alberto Miguel-Diez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de la 18th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2025)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.01375

[2] Enhancing Evasive Malware Detection Through Undetectable Cape-Based Sandboxes

Raúl Bayón-Martínez, David García-Franco, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Preprint article
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5345862)

[3] A systematic literature review of unsupervised learning algorithms for anomalous traffic detection based on flows

Alberto Miguel-Diez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio,Gonzalo Esteban-Costales, and Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
Actas de la 18th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2025)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.01375

[4] Generating Explanations for Autonomous Robots: a Systematic Review

David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
IEEE Access
DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3535097

[5] Aportes para el cumplimiento del Reglamento (UE) 2024/1689 en robótica y sistemas autónomos

Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera, Yoana Pita Lorenzo, David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Laura Fernández-Becerra, Irene González-Fernández, and José Miguel Guerrero-Hernández
arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.17730
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.17730

[6] Definiendo el concepto de explicación: propuesta de una taxonomía para explicabilidad en robótica

David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de las X Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en Ciberseguridad (Universidad de Zaragoza), pp. 50–57, 2025
DOI: 10.26754/uz.978-84-10169-61-6

[7] Integrating Quantized LLMs into Robotics Systems as Edge AI to Leverage their Natural Language Processing Capabilities

Miguel Á. González-Santamarta, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera, David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
arXiv preprint arXiv:2506.09581
DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.09581

[7] Towards a robotic intrusion prevention system: Combining security and safety in cognitive social robots

Francisco Martín, Enrique Soriano-Salvador, José Miguel Guerrero, Gorka Guardiola Múzquiz, Juan Carlos Manzanares, Francisco J. Rodríguez
Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2025.104959.

2024

[1] Explicabilidad aplicada a ciberseguridad en sistemas autónomos: Un enfoque basado en LLMs para la detección forense de amenazas

David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Irene González-Fernández, Miguel Ángel González-Santamarta, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de las IX Jornadas Nacionales de Investigación en Ciberseguridad
DOI: https://hdl.handle.net/11441/159179

[2] An Approach Based on LLMs for Forensic Threat Detection in Autonomous Systems

David Sobrín-Hidalgo, Irene González-Fernández, Miguel Ángel González-Santamarta, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_3

[3] Exploring the Landscape of Honeypots in the Fight Against Cyber Threats: A Systematic Mapping of Literature

Alberto Miguel-Diez, Rodrigo González-Fernández, Gonzalo Esteban-Costales, Christian Vega-González, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Vicente Matellán-Olivera and Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_17

[4] Analysis of Post-Quantum Cryptographic Algorithms: A Systematic Literature Review

Francisco Javier de la Puente Secades, Gonzalo Esteban-Costales, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Vicente Matellán-Olivera and Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_20

[5] Performance Impact of Strengthening the Accountability and Explainability System in Autonomous Robots

Alejandro González-Cantón, Miguel A. González-Santamarta, Enrique Soriano, Gorka Guardiola and Francisco J. Rodriguez Lera
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_8

[6] Evaluating Sniffers, IDS, and IPS: A Systematic Literature Mapping

Raúl Bayón-Martínez, Laura Inyesto-Alonso, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Gonzalo Esteban-Costales, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_8

[7] Fuzzing Robotic Software Using HPC and LLM

Garnelo Del Río Francisco Borja, Francisco J. Rodríguez Lera, Camino Fernández Llamas and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_8

[8] Performance Impact of Strengthening the Accountability and Explainability System in Autonomous Robots

Alejandro González-Cantón, Miguel A. González-Santamarta, Enrique Soriano, Gorka Guardiola, and Francisco J. Rodríguez Lera
Actas de la 17th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2024)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-75016-8_8

2023

[1] SQL injection attack detection in network flow data

Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Virginia Riego-DelCastillo and Camino Fernández-Llamas
Computers & Security
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103093

[2] Analyzing the influence of the sampling rate in the detection of malicious traffic on flow data

Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Vicente Matellán and Camino Fernández- Llamas
Computers Networks
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2023.109951

[3] Malicious traffic detection on sampled network flow data with novelty-detection-based models

Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Vicente Matellán and Camino Fernández- Llamas
Scientific Reports
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-42618-9

[4] Evaluación de la seguridad en el robot cuadrúpedo A1 de Unitree Robotics

Alberto Miguel-Diez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Beatriz Jové-De-Castro, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez and Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
VIII Jornadas Nacionales de Ciberseguridad (JNIC 2023)

[5] Impact of the Keep-Alive Parameter on SQL Injection Attack Detection in Network Flow Data

Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, and Camino Fernández- Llamas
Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems Conference (CISIS 2023)

[6] Systematic Literature Review of Methods Used for SQL Injection Detection Based on Intelligent Algorithms

Juan Jose Navarro-Cáceres, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems Conference (CISIS 2023)

[7] Cybersecurity issues in robotic platforms

Adrián Campazas-Vega, Alberto Miguel-Diez, Mario Hermida-López, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras
14th International Conference on Business Information Security BISEC’2023 (Keynote Speaker).

2022

[1] SecDocker: Hardening the Continuous Integration Workflow

David Fernández González, Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera, Gonzalo Esteban, Camino Fernández Llamas
SN Computer Science, 3, 80 (2022)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-021-00939-4

[2] Revisión sistemática de técnicas de aprendizaje automático para la detección de amenazas persistentes avanzadas (APTs), utilizando flujos de red en formato NetFlow

Christian Vega-Gonzalez, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martinez, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Vicente Matellan
Jnic 2022

[3] Evaluation of the reliability index of IP addresses in reputation lists

Alberto Miranda-García, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, and Vicente Matellán-Olivera
CISIS 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18409-3_15

[4] Orquestador de despliegue de infraestructura en la nube (ODIN) (DESEi+d 2022: 93)

Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Vicente Matellán-Olivera, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Adrián Campazas-Vega, Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez
DESEi+d 2022

[5] Caracterización dual de las competiciones de robótica espacial (DESEi+d 2022: 153)

Miguel Ángel González Santamarta, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Camino Fernández Llamas y Vicente Matellán Olivera
DESEi+d 2022

2021

[1] Analysis of NetFlow Features’ Importance in Malicious Network Traffic Detection

Adrián Campazas-Vega; Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez; Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras; Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio; Vicente Matellán
CISIS 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87872-6_6

[2] Analysis of the Performance of Different Accountability Strategies for Autonomous Robots

Laura Fernández-Becerra Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera Camino Fernández-Llamas
CISIS 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87872-6_5

[3] Attacks Detection on Sampled Netflow Traffic Through Image Analysis with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

Alberto Fernández de Retana Alberto Miranda-García Ángel Manuel Guerrero Camino Fernández-Llamas
CISIS 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87872-6_4

[4] Gait-Based Authentication Using a RGB Camera

Verónica Toral-Álvarez Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras Camino Fernández-Llamas
CISIS 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87872-6_13

[5] HOUSE: Marco de trabajo modular de arquitectura escalable y desacoplada para el uso de técnicas de fuzzing en HPC

Francisco Borja Garnelo del Río, Francisco J Rodríguez Lera, Gonzalo Esteban Costales, Camino Fernández Llamas, Vicente Matellán Olivera
JNIC 2021
DOI: http://doi.org/10.18239/jornadas_2021.34.39

2020

[1] Flow-Data Gathering Using NetFlow Sensors for Fitting Malicious-Traffic Detection Models

Adrián Campazas-Vega; Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez; Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras; Camino Fernández-Llamas
Sensors 2020, volumen 24: volumen 7294
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/s20247294

[2] Collecting Vulnerable Source Code from Open-Source Repositories for Dataset Generation

Razvan Raducu; Gonzalo Esteban; Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera; Camino Fernández
Applied Sciences 2020, 10(4), 1270
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10041270

[3] Module Evaluator (MoEv)

Guerrero-Higueras, Á.M.; Campazas-Vega, A.; Ignacio Samuel Crespo-Martínez
Applied Sciences 2020, 10(4), 1270
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4114127

[4] Systematic Mapping of Detection Techniques for Advanced Persistent Threats

David Sobrín, Adrián Campazas, Ángel Manuel Guerrero, Francisco Javier Rodríguez, Camino Fernández
CISIS 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57805-3_40

[5] Modeling a Honeypot Architecture for a Robotic Scenario

Francisco J Rodríguez-Lera, Camino Fernández, Ángel Manuel Guerrero Higueras, and Vicente Matellán.
Workshop on Security and Privacy in Robotics, at 2020 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2020). May-August 2020 Paris (France). Virtual Conference due to Covid19
Paper access: (PDF)

[6] Cybersecurity Overview of a Robot as a Service Platform

Laura Fernández Becerra, David Fernández González, Ángel Manuel Guerrero, Francisco J. Rodríguez Lera, and Camino Fernández
13th International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Security for Information Systems (CISIS 2020). CISIS 2019. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1267. Springer, Cham.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57805-3_13

[7] On Fingerprinting of Public Malware Analysis Services

Álvaro Botas, Ricardo J Rodríguez, Vicente Matellán, Juan F. García, M. T. Trobajo, Miguel Carriegos.
Logic Journal of the IGPL. ISI Impact Factor 2019: 0,931 (Q1, 3/21) Logic; (Q2, 126/324) Mathematics.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jigpal/jzz050

[8] DOcker-based fRamework fOr gaTHering nEtflow dAta (DOROTHEA)

Campazas Vega, Adrián, Crespo Martínez, Ignacio Samuel, & Guerrero Higueras, Ángel Manuel.
Technical Report, Robotics group, Universidad de León, 2020.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4114119

2019

Security and Safety in Cluttered Environments: Tracking People with a Mobile Robot from 2D LIDAR Scans using Full Convolutional Neural Networks.

Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Claudia Álvarez-Aparicio, María Carmen Calvo-Olivera, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Camino Fernández-Llamas, Francisco Martín and Vicente Matellán.
Frontiers in neurorobotics, On-line 8th January 2019.
Paper access: (PDF)

Modelling and Deploying a Honeypot Architecture for Robotics Environments.

Francisco J Rodríguez Lera, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Camino Fernández and Vicente Matellán.
Cybersecurity for Robotics.
Paper access: ([1])

Message Encryption in Robot Operating System: Collateral Effects of Hardening Mobile Robots.

Francisco J. Rodrı́guez Lera, Vicente Matellán Olivera, Jesús Balsa-Comerón, Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras and Camino Fernández-Llamas.
Computer and Network security.
Paper access: (PDF)

2018

Detection of Cyber-attacks to indoor real time localization systems for autonomous robots.

Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Noemí DeCastro-García, Vicente Matellán
Robotics and Autonomous Systems. Volume 100, February 2018, Pages 41-42
Paper access: (PDF)

Cyber-security in robotics and autonomous systems.

Vicente Matellán, Tamara Bonaci, and Giedre Sabaliauskaite.
Robotics and Autonomous Systems, Vol 99, January 2018, pp. 75-83.
Paper access: (PDF)

2017

Empirical analysis of cyber-attacks to an indoor real time localization system for autonomous robots.

Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Noemí DeCastro-García, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Vicente Matellán.
Computers & Security.
Paper access: (PDF)

Cybersecurity in Autonomous Systems: hardening ROS using ciphered communications and semantic rules.

Ángel Manuel Guerrero-Higueras, Jesús Balsa, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lera, Camino Fernández-Llamas, and Vicente Matellán.
ROBOT 2017: Third Iberian Robotics Conference, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 694, pp. 67-78.
Paper access: (PDF)

2016

Cybersecurity in Robotic Systems.

Vicente Matellán, Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera, Jesús Balsa.
ERCIM News 106, pp 44-45. July 2016
Paper access: (PDF)

Cybersecurity in Autonomous Systems: Evaluating the performance of hardening ROS.

Francisco Javier Rodríguez Lera, Jesús Balsa, Fernando Casado, Camino Fernández, Francisco Martín Rico, and Vicente Matellán
Workshop en Agentes Físicos, pp. 47-54. June 16th-17th, 2016. Málaga (Spain).
Paper access: (PDF)

2015

Security Assessment Methodology for Mobile Applications

Alvaro Botas, Ricardo J. Rodríguez, Jesús Balsa, Juan Felipe García, Javier Alonso, Francisco J. Lera, Christian García, Vicente Matellán, and Raúl Riesco.
Rooted Con 2015. 5-7 Mars 2015. Madrid (Spain)
Paper access: (PDF)